The  Hewlett Foundation’s Education Program initiated a new strategic initiative in 2010 focusing on U.S. students’ mastery of core academic content and their development of deeper learning skills (for example, critical thinking, problem solving, collaboration, communication, and learning how to learn). The foundation wants to track the extent to which U.S. students are assessed in a way that emphasizes deeper learning skills during its 2010-17 Deeper Learning Initiative. This RAND report presents the results of a project to estimate the percentage of U.S. elementary and secondary students being assessed on deeper learning skills through statewide mathematics and English language-arts achievement tests at the beginning of the Deeper Learning Initiative.